Essential Vocabulary

Vocabulary Notes

1. consequence n 1) a result; an event which follows uppn smth. else, e.g. She fell ill and the consequence was that she lost her job. to take the consequences to accept what happens as a result, e.g. If you are determined to act so foolishly, you must be ready to take the consequences. 2) importance, as a person or thing of great (little, no) consequence, e.g. It's of no consequence.

2. suspicion n a feeling of doubt or distrust, as to arouse suspicion, e.g. His manner aroused suspicion, above suspicion, e.g. He is above suspicion, on suspicion, e.g. He was arrested on suspicion of murder. under suspicion, e.g. He is under suspicion.

suspicious adj 1) causing suspicion, e.g. A suspicious^looking man was seen in the street. 2) feeling or showing suspicion, to be (to get, to feel) suspicious of smb. (about smth.), e.g. The people were at first suspicious of the new-comer.

suspect vt 1) to believe in the possible or probable guilt of smb.; to suspect smb. of smth., e.g. He was suspected of theft. 2) to think likely, to suppose, e.g. I suspected that she was insincere.

3. school n 1) an educational establishment for children, as a nursery school, primary school, secondary school, boarding school, compulsory school age, e.g. The school leaving age has been raised to 16. Most schools in England take football seriously. 2) (no article) the time when teaching is given; the process of being educated; lessons, e.g. He was very bright at school. It was nearly time for school. He left school when he was fifteen. 3) all the pupils in an educational institution, e.g. The school will have a holiday tomorrow. 4) any institution giving specialized instruction, either to children or to adults; a specialized institution which forms part of a university, as a ballet school, law school, London School of Economics 5) a group of persons having the same ideas about a subject, as the Dutch school of painting

Note: The English for "учиться в школе" is 'to go to school', 'to be at school' and not 'study at school', e.g. He learnt to read before he went to school. Mother and Mrs. Darnes had been at school together;

schooling n education obtained at school, e.g. Schooling is compulsory in the USSR.

scholar n a learned and erudite person, especially one who is learned in the classical languages and their literature, e.g. Dr. Grant is a distinguished scholar.

scholarship n a sum of money given by an individual, a collective body, or the state, to enable a person to study, e.g. He has won a scholarship to Cambridge.

4. interfere vi 1) to meddle, as to interfere in a matter (in an argument, in one's affairs) 2) to hinder, to bother, as to interfere with one's

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independence, e.g. Don't interfere with me. Something always interferes. I hope I'm not interfering?

interfering adj meddling, as interfering people

interference n interfering, e.g. He hated interference.

5. intrude vt/i to thrust oneself or smth. upon a person, as to intrude one's views upon others, to intrude upon a person's privacy (time), e.g. I hope I'm not. intruding?

intrusive adj intruding, as an intrusive female. Syn. officious

6. persist vt 1) to continue resolutely in any course of action; to persist in smth. (doing smth.), e.g. He persisted in his opinion. He persisted in doing the job in his own way. 2) to continue; to remain, e.g. Her acute anxiety persisted.

persistence n keeping on with what one is doing, e.g. I was irritated at the fellow's persistence.

persistent adj 1) keeping on doing or believing smth., e.g. He was the most persistent man I've ever seen. 2) occurring again and again, as persistent attacks

7. temper n 1) a disposition, as a person of even (pleasant, fiery, etc.) temper; to have an even (sweet, uncertain, quick, etc.) temper; hot-tempered, good-tempered, bad-tempered 2) a mood, as to be in a good (bad, forgiving, calm, friendly) temper.

Note: When the word is used without an adjective, the meaning is always 'an angry state of mind'.

to lose one's temper, to control (to keep) one's temper, to get (to fly) Into a temper about smth., to be in a temper, e.g. I was surprised but I did not lose my temper. There is nothing to fly into a temper about. Joseph saw that she was fighting to keep her temper.

8. ridiculous adj absurd, unreasonable, as ridiculous clothes (excuse, person, furniture, etc.), e.g. Don't be ridiculous. Your excuse sounds ridiculous.

9. contempt n disregard, scorn, as to look (smite, sneer, laugh) with contempt; to show (to feel) contempt for smb. (smth.), e.g. We feel contempt for a liar.

contemptuous adj showing contempt, as contemptuous treatment (attitude, look, .smile, sneer, laugh, silence, glance, remark). Syn. disdainful

contemptuously adv, as to laugh (to speak, to say smth.) contemptuously. Syn. disdainfully

Note: There is no verb of the same root as the noun 'contempt' in English. The English for презирать will be 'to despise'.

10. report vt/i 1) to give an account orally or in writing; relate; describe, e.g. It is reported that we are to nave a new laboratory. The Commission reports tomorrow. He reported what he had seen. 2) to present oneself at a given time or place, e.g. When you have finished this work,

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report yourself to Mr. Clark. 3) to take down for publication in a newspaper, e.g. She no longer reports for the Morning Star. 4) to make a complaint about smb. (smth.) to some authority, to report smb. (smth.) to smb., e.g. I'll have to report you to the manager.

11. swing (swung, swung) 1) vi to move steadily backwards and forwards, from side to side; to turn, e.g. His arms swung as he walked. She swung round. The car'wung round the corner, 2) vt to cause to move steadily backwards and forwards, as to swing one's legs, to swing a child, e.g. The wind swung the sign, to swing op,en, e. g. The window swung open, to swing to (to swing shut), e.g. The door swung to.

swing n motion to and fro, rhythm; to be in full swing to be at the height of activity, e.g. The work (harvest, spring, etc.) was in full swing, to go with a swing proceed smoothly, successfully, e.g. The concert went with a swing.

12. tense adj stretched to tightness; strained or highly strung, as a tense cord, wire; tense faces (muscles, eyes, atmosphere)

tensely adv, e.g. She swung round tensely to the class. tension - n mental or emotional strain; suppressed excitement, e.g. As they waited for the final decision, the tension was unbearable.

13. admire vt to look at with pleasure (satisfaction or wonder), as to admire smb.'s presence of mind (smb. for his courage); to admire a picture (a statue, etc.)

admirable adj very good indeed, e.g. I think it would be an admirable opportunity.

admiration n wonder excited by beauty or excellence, as to have (to feel) admiration for smb., to win (to arouse) smb.'s admiration

Word Combinations and Phrases

to promise inconvenience to have the matter out with smb.
to be run off one's feet to inquire one's way of smb.
to attend to somebody to find oneself somewhere
in addition to to be under seven
to remark with regret to be (feel) ill at ease
to have one's hands full to take smth. seriously
to raise one's head (eyes, etc.) ; to be at one's wits' end
to have a sharp impulse all by oneself
to obey smb.'s instruction (orders) to order smb. about
  to break the law
is to blame for smth. to make no comment
  to feel oneself in a false position
to take one's leave to close the door in smb.'s face

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